Mechanical Properties of Fluids



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Contents

Pressure, Surface Tension & Viscosity


Description: Pressure is force per unit area. Surface tension is the liquid's surface force. Viscosity is fluid resistance to flow.


Surface Tension on the Basis of Molecular Theorem


Description: Surface tension, based on molecular theory, is the cohesive force at a liquid's surface due to intermolecular attractions, minimizing surface area.


Surface Tension & Surface Energy


Description: Surface tension is the tendency of liquids to minimize their surface area, driven by intermolecular forces, affecting droplet formation and capillary action.


Surface Tension & Molecular Theory


Description: Molecular Theory , A drop of mercury of radius 0.2 cm is broken into 8 droplets of the same size. Find the work ,done if the surface tension ,of mercury is 435.5 dyne/cm , Angel of content


Zero Angle of Contact


Description: Angle of contact 900 and conditions for convexity and concavity, Capillary rise, Capillary in water after rise in level


Pressure Law & Pascal's Law


Description: Pressure law relates pressure, volume, and temperature; Pascal's law states pressure in a fluid is transmitted equally in all directions; gauge pressure measures pressure relative to atmospheric pressure, using instruments like the margaric barometer.


Manometer & Application of Pascal 's Law


Description: A manometer measures fluid pressure, a barometer measures atmospheric pressure, Pascal's law is applied in hydraulic brakes to transmit force efficiently through fluids.


Archimedes' Principle: Buoyancy


Description: Archimedes' Principle states that an object submerged in a fluid experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.


Effect of Gravity on Fluid Pressure


Description: Gravity increases fluid pressure with depth, as fluid weight adds to the pressure, described by Pascal's law, influencing hydraulic systems and natural phenomena.


Numericals Based on Fluids


Description: Solution of Numericals Based on Fluids


Viscosity & Turbulent Flow


Description: Viscosity is a fluid's resistance to flow; turbulent flow is chaotic, irregular fluid motion.


Angle of Contact


Description: Acute angle of contact., Convex meniscus - obtuse angle of contact,


Principal of Continuity & Its Application


Description: The principle of continuity ensures smooth, unbroken transitions in mathematical functions, processes, or physical phenomena.


Bernoulli's Principle & Torricelli's Law


Description: Bernoulli's Principle: Fluid pressure decreases as its velocity increases, explaining flight and fluid dynamics.Torricelli's Law: Fluid speed exiting an orifice equals that from free fall from the same height.


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