Haloalkanes and Haloarenes



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Contents

Classification of Haloalkanes


Description: Discover halogen substitution in alkanes and arenes, learn about alkyl groups, benzene rings, and naming alkyl halides and haloalkanes.


Classification of Polyhaloalkanes


Description: Explore alkyl halide formulas, types, and classifications, including primary, secondary, and tertiary structures, and delve into polyhaloalkane variations.


Classification of Mono-Halocompounds (Allylic, Benzylic, Vinyl, Aryl)


Description: Explore the classification of haloalkanes, focusing on mono-halo-alkanes, germinal, and vicinal structures, with emphasis on halogen positioning and numbering in carbon chains.


Nomenclature of Compounds


Description: Explore the systematic naming of organic compounds, focusing on tertiary butyl chloride and neopentyl bromide, using IUPAC conventions and common names.


Method of Preparation of Haloalkanes and Alkyl Halides


Description: Analyzes Alkal-Halite RS4 reactivity, emphasizing size hierarchy and dipole interactions among RCL, RBR, and RRI structures.


Markovnikov’s Rule


Description: Discover alkene to alkyl halide transformation using chlorine and carbon tetrachloride, yielding vicinal dihalides such as 1,2-dichloroethane via halogenation.


Physical Properties of Haloalkanes


Description: Explore the structural variations of halogenated hydrocarbons and reactions like Swartz and Finkelstein, focusing on isomers, halogen substitutions, and reaction conditions.


Chemical Properties of Haloalkanes


Description: Explore chemical properties of haloalkenes, focusing on dehydrohalogenation, beta elimination, and reactions with metals, leading to alkyne and alkene formation.


Nucleophilic Substitution


Description: Explore nucleophilic substitution reactions, focusing on nucleophiles, electrophiles, and their interactions with alkyl halides to form new compounds through electron exchange.


Formation of Alcohol & Preparation of Amines


Description: Explore alcohol and amine preparation from alkyl halides, focusing on reactivity influenced by bond length and atomic size in halogen derivatives.


Preparation of Cyanides & Isocyanides


Description: Explore reactions of tertiary butyl with methyl iodide and sodium ethoxide, forming ethers and alcohols, highlighting sodium phenoxide's role in organic synthesis.


Ammonia Reactions


Description: Explore Hoffman Aminolysis, where alkyl halides react with ammonia to form primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, highlighting nucleophilic substitution limitations with aryl halides.


SN2 vs SN1 Reactions


Description: Explore why methyl halides favor SN2 reactions over tertiary halides, highlighting steric hindrance and electron repulsion, while SN1 reactions require polar solvents for carbocation stabilization.


Chemical Properties of Haloarenes


Description: Explore nucleophilic substitution mechanisms in haloarenes, focusing on chlorobenzene's chemical properties, bond formations, and reactions with various substituents like NaOH and methyl chloride.


RS Configuration and Nomenclature


Description: Learn RS configuration for naming optical isomers using the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog system, prioritizing groups on chiral carbons by atomic number for accurate molecular nomenclature.


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